
Photo: Pieter Prins · CC BY-SA 4.0
Muntiacus vaginalis
Habitat
Tropical rainforest to deciduous and evergreen forest, including secondary forest and human-altered land
Range
Twelve countries of south-central and Southeast Asia including Nepal, India, Bhutan and Bangladesh
The northern red muntjac is a small deer found across south-central and Southeast Asia, in twelve countries including Nepal, India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar and China. It inhabits many forest types, from tropical rainforest to deciduous and evergreen forest, and adapts to secondary forest and human-altered land (Wikipedia, general species account).
Males are marked by short antlers and elongated upper canines, which they use in territorial and mating disputes. The species is known for its distinctive bark-like calls, which serve as alarms or as communication between individuals. The sources opened here give no Nepal-specific counts or measurements, so none are stated. Nationally Vulnerable (Nepal National Red List 2011).